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Do the following statements agree with the claims of the writer in the Reading Passage?
In boxes 1-8 of your answer sheet, write:
YES if the statement agrees with the claims of the writer
NO if the statement contradicts the claims of the writer
NOT GIVEN if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this
1. There are understandable reasons why arguments occur about language.
2. People feel more strongly about language education than about small differences in language usage.
3. Our assessment of a person’s intelligence is affected by the way he or she uses language.
4. Prescriptive grammar books cost a lot of money to buy in the 18th century.
5. Prescriptivism still exists today.
6. According to the descriptivist, it is pointless to try to stop language change.
7. Descriptivism only appeared after the 18th century.
8. Both descriptivists and prescriptivists have been misrepresented.
Complete the summary using the list of words, A-l, below.
Write the correct letter A-l, in boxes 9-12 on your answer sheet.
| A. descriptivists | B. language experts | C. popular speech |
| D.formal language | E. evaluation | F. rules |
| G. modern linguists | H. prescriptivists | I. change |
According to 9. , there is only one correct form of language. Linguists who take this approach to language place great importance on grammatical 10. Conversely, the view of 11. , such as Joseph Priestley, is that grammar should be based on 12. .
Choose the correct letter A, B, C or D.
Write the correct letter in box 13 on your answer sheet.
13. What is the writer’s purpose in Reading Passage?
The Reading Passage has seven paragraphs, A-G.
Which paragraph contains the following information?
Write the correct letter A-G, in boxes 14-17 on your answer sheet.
14. Examples of different ways in which the parallax principle has been applied
15. A description of an event which prevented a transit observation
16. a statement about potential future discoveries leading on from transit observations
17. a description of physical states connected with Venus which early astronomical instruments failed to overcome
Look at the following statements (Questions 18-21) and the list of people below.
Match each statement with the correct person, A, B, C or D.
Write the correct letter A, B, C or D. in boxes 18-21 on your answer sheet.
List of People
A. Edmond Halley
B. Johannes Kepler
C. Guillaume Le Gentil
D. Johann Franz Encke
18. He calculated the distance of the Sun from the Earth based on observations of Venus with a fair degree of accuracy.
19.He understood that the distance of the Sun from the Earth could be worked out by comparing observations of a transit.
20. He realized that the time taken by a planet to go round the Sun depends on its distance from the Sun.
21. He witnessed a Venus transit but was unable to make any calculations.
Do the following statements agree with the information given in the Reading Passage?
Write answers in boxes 22-26 on your answer sheet. Write
TRUE it the statement agrees with the information
FALSE if the statement contradicts the information
NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this
22. Halley observed one transit of the planet Venus.
23. Le Gentil managed to observe a second Venus transit.
24. The shape of Venus appears distorted when it starts to pass in front of the Sun.
25. Early astronomers suspected that the atmosphere on Venus was toxic.
26. The parallax principle allows astronomers to work out how far away distant stars are from the Earth.
Do the following statements agree with the information given in the Reading Passage?
In boxes 27-33 on your answer sheet, write:
TRUE if the statement agrees with the information
FALSE if the statement contradicts the information
NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this
27. Forest problems of Mediterranean countries are to be discussed at the next meeting of experts.
28. Problems in Nordic countries were excluded because they are outside the European – Economic Community.
29. Forests are a renewable source of raw material.
30. The biological functions of forests were recognised only in the twentieth century.
31. Natural forests still exist in parts of Europe.
32. Forest policy should be limited by national boundaries.
33. The Strasbourg conference decided that a forest policy must allow for the possibility of change.
Look at the following statements issued by the conference.
Which six of the following statements. A-J, refer to the resolutions that were issued?
Match the statements with the appropriate resolutions (Questions 34-39).
Write the correct letter. A-J. in boxes 34-39 on your answer sheet.
A. All kinds of species of trees should be preserved.
B. Fragile mountain forests should be given priority in research programs.
C. The surviving natural forests of Europe do not need priority treatment.
D. Research is to be better co-ordinate throughout Europe:
E. Information on forest fires should be collected and shared.
F. Loss Of leaves from trees should be more extensively and carefully monitored
G. Resources should be allocated to research into tree diseases.
H. Skiing should be encouraged in thinly populated areas.
I. Soil imbalances such as acidification should be treated with compounds of nitrogen and sulphur.
J. Information is to be systematically gathered on any decline in the condition of forests.
34. Resolution 1
35. Resolution 2
36. Resolution 3
37. Resolution 4
38. Resolution 5
39. Resolution 6
Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D.
Write the correct letter in box 40 on your answer sheet.
40. What is the best title for this Reading Passage?